LESSON 11 THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD: Part II
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- María Luisa Toledo Río
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1 LESSON 11 THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD: Part II Introduction Objectives Prerequisites Vocabulary Building Decision Table This lesson discusses: 1. the use of the subjunctive mood after a main clause that expresses emotion; and 2. irregular and stem changing verbs in the present subjunctive. Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: 1. conjugate irregular verbs in the present subjunctive 2. conjugate stem changing verbs in the present subjunctive 3. use the subjunctive in the dependent clause after verbs denoting emotion You should be already familiar with: Lessons 1-10 You are encouraged to use a dictionary to expand your vocabulary. If you are already familiar with the objectives, proceed to Lesson 12 on page
2 IRREGULAR VERBS IN THE PRESENTSUBJUNCTIVE Introduction All irregular verbs, except SER, SABER, IR, and DAR add the present subjunctive endings to the irregular stem of the verb. Conjugation of irrregular verbs in the present tense SUBJUNCTIVE TENER VENIR (TENG-) (VENG-) Yo tenga venga Tú tengas vengas Él/Ella/Usted tenga venga Nosotros tengamos vengamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes tengan vengan IR DAR SABER SER IR DAR SABER SER (to go) (to give) (to know) (to be) vaya dé sepa sea vayas des sepas seas vaya dé sepa sea vayamos demos sepamos seamos vayan den sepan sean Note: The verb dar is regular in the present subjunctive, except for the written accent on dé to differentiate it from the preposition de. 207
3 PRACTICE ACTIVITY I Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the present tense subjunctive: 1. que yo (venir) 2. que él (salir) 3. que tú (saber) 4. que nosotros (tener) 5. que María (hacer) 6. que ellos (decir) 7. que usted (poner) 8. que ella y yo (ir) 9. que ustedes (ser) 10. que él (dar) Go to page 214 to check your responses. 208
4 STEM CHANGING VERBS Introduction -AR -ER The -AR and ER, and -IR ending verbs which undergo a stem change in the present indicative do the same in the present subjunctive. CONTAR (to count) PERDER (to loose) o to ue cuente e to ie pierda o to ue cuenste e to ie pierdas o to ue cuente e to ie pierda No change contemos No change perdamos o to ue cuenten e to ie pierdan -IR SENTIR (to feel) MORIR (to die) e to ie sienta o to ue muera e to ie sientas o to ue mueras e to ie sienta o to ue muera e to i sintamos o to u muramos e to ie sientan o to ue mueran PEDIR SERVIR PEDIR (to ask) SERVIR (to serve) e to i pida sirva e to i pidas sirvas e to i pida sirva e to i pidamos sirvamos e to i pidan sirvan Note: Other verbs that undergo stem changes are: CERRAR (to close), PODER (can, to be able), MORDER (to bite), VOLVER (to return), QUERER (to want) 209
5 PRACTICE ACTIVITY II Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the present tense subjunctive: 1. que yo (dormir) 2. que tú (morir) 3. que él (servir) 4. que nosotros (pedir) 5. que María (contar) 6. que usted (perder) 7. que ellos (dormir) 8. que yo (querer) 9. que ustedes (poder) 10. que él (morder) Go to page 215 to check your responses. 210
6 EXPRESSING EMOTION Introduction Examples Ojalá Other Expressions of Emotion Impersonal Expressions Verbs that express emotion in the main clause require the use of the subjunctive in the dependent clause. It is necessary that there be different subjects in the main and dependent clauses. The Subjunctive is used in the dependent clause when the main clause implies emotion: Me alegro que tú vengas. (I am happy that you are coming) Es fantástico que él vaya. (It is fantastic that he is going.) Temo que Pablo cante. (I am afraid that Pablo will sing.) Ojalá is an impersonal expression that means to want or wish something intensely. It is always followed by the subjunctive. Example: Ojalá que los niňos hagan la tarea. temer (to fear), sentir (to be sorry), es lástima (it is a pity). Example: Temo que ellos vengan. The main clause indicates emotion. There are separate subjects in both clauses. The following expressions, when appearing in the main clause, are always preceded by an indirect object: Entusiasmar (to be enthusiastic), molestar (to be bothered), and gustar (to be pleased), sorprender (to be surprised), alegrar (to be happy about) Example: Me gusta que bailes. Note: Impersonal expressions always use verbs conjugated in the third person singular (gusta). 211
7 PRACTICE ACTIVITY III Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parenthesis: 1. Es lástima que Manuel (venir). 2. Siento que ella (comer) tanto. 3. Me molesta que Javier no (hacer) la tarea. 4. Ojalá que ellos (terminar) pronto. 5. Temes que yo (decir) eso. 6. No me gusta que los niňos (ver) la televisión. 7. Te sorprende que nosotros (hablar) de ese asunto. 8. Nos alegra que ella (comprender) la lección. 9. Me entusiasma que la seňora López (saber) la buena noticia. 10. Le alegra que tú (hacer) el trabajo. Go to page 216 to check your responses. 212
8 LESSON TEST I. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the present tense subjunctive: 1. que ella (venir) 11. que nosotros (dormir) 2. que Juan (tener) 12. que tú (servir) 3. que yo (decir) 13. que él y yo (pedir) 4. que ellos (hacer) 14. que yo (contar) 5. que nosotros (poner) 15. que María (morir) 6. que ustedes (dar) 16. que ellos (querer) 7. que usted (ser) 17. que Mario (perder) 8. que ellos (ir) 18. que usted (volver) 9. que yo (salir) 19. que ustedes (cerrar) 10. que tú (hacer) 20. que tú y él (poder) II. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parenthesis: 1. Es lástima que nosotros (estudiar) tan poco. 2. Ojalá que ella (pedir) permiso. 3. Me gusta que los niňos (aprender) en la escuela. 4. Me molesta que tú (cantar) esa canción. 5. Te sorprende que él (ser) tan fresco. 6. Siente que nosotros no (hacer) el esfuerzo. 7. Tememos que ellos (regaňar) a los niňos. 8. Me alegro que mi madre (dar) el ejemplo. 9. Nos entusiasma que Juan (ir) con nosotros. 10. Temo que ella (dormir) temprano. Go to page 217 to check your responses. 213
9 ANSWER KEY Practice Activity I 1. venga 2. salga 3. sepas 4. tengamos 5. haga 6. digan 7. ponga 8. vayamos 9. sean 10. dé 214
10 ANSWER KEY Practice Activity II 1. duerma 2. mueras 3. sirva 4. pidamos 5. cuente 6. pierda 7. duerman 8. quiera 9. puedan 10. muerda 215
11 ANSWER KEY Practice Activity III 1. venga 2. coma 3. haga 4. terminen 5. diga 6. vean 7. hablemos 8. comprenda 9. sepa 10. hagas 216
12 ANSWER KEY Lesson Test I. 1. venga 6. den 2. tenga 7. sea 3. diga 8. vayan 4. hagan 9. salga 5. pongamos 10. hagas 11. durmamos 16. quieran 12. sirvas 17. pierda 13. pidamos 18. vuelva 14. cuente 19. cierren 15. muera 20. puedan II. 1. estudiemos 6. hagamos 2. pida 7. regaňen 3. aprendan 8. dé 4. cantes 9. vaya 5. sea 10. duerma 217
13 LESSON TEST DECISION TABLE Decision Table If You took the lesson test as a pretest and you scored 100% You missed more than two questions in section I (1-10) You missed more than two questions in section I (11-20) You missed more than 2 answers in section II You missed fewer than two questions in each section Then Go to next lesson Go back to page 207 Go back to page 209 Go back to page 211 Congratulations! You are ready for the next lesson 218
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